COLLECTION NAME:
David Rumsey Historical Map Collection
Record
Author:
Espinal y Fuster, José
Date:
1879
Short Title:
Cuadro Físico Meteoro y Geológico de la Tierra y Reloj Cosmográfico. (Physical, Meteorological, and Geological Chart of the Earth and Cosmographic Clock.)
Publisher:
Tipo-Lit. de C.[elestino] Verdaguer
Publisher Location:
Barcelona
Type:
Wall Map
Obj Height cm:
157
Obj Width cm:
291
Note:
Explanation of the central image:
"GENERAL CHART
This expresses the central idea of our intuitive work, of which the others are complementary. Popularizing the knowledge of the formation of the globe that we call Earth and presenting all its phenomena in a comprehensive manner, just as they occur in nature's laboratory, has been our purpose. To achieve this, we have chosen the oblique section of the sphere so that we can observe it in its topography and from a bird's-eye view.
The Earth, in its interior, is a burning mass whose center contains a gaseous nucleus, the result of the immense elevation of the heat that dominates it. The crust or wall that surrounds it is what we call Earth, which has required its periods of time for its formation and undergone its revolutions that have modified its surface. These terrains are explained by the order of antiquity from the interior to the exterior and are marked with special colors, forming layers, uneven and modifying each of these colors according to the strata that each terrain contains. These are:
Plutonic terrains, or of igneous nature.
Azoic, or between the igneous and sediment layers.
Neptunic, or due to the action of water, notable for the appearance of plant and animal life, whose remains are found in a fossil state. These terrains are divided and subdivided as follows:
Primary, whose layers are Silurian, Devonian, Carboniferous, and Permian.
Secondary, which contain the Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous layers.
Tertiary, with the Eocene, Miocene, and Pliocene layers.
Quaternary, with its periods of calm, glacial, and diluvial.
And Modern, or of alluvial nature.
Regarding the phenomena, it has not been possible for us, considering our main idea, to place them by their respective classes. However, to ensure that the method is not lacking and to make study easier, we will distinguish them as follows:
KEYS:
Words or topographic names.
Phenomena:
Aqueous.
Terrestrial.
Igneous.
✕ Gaseous.
✧ Aerial.
△ Electrical.
✪ Luminous.
|| Planetary.
¿ Mineralogical.
➳ Botanical.
➤ Zoological.
Explanation of the center cosmographic clock: "COSMOGRAPHIC CLOCK
It occupies the center of the sheet and is the only position that corresponds to it. Flattening the terrestrial sphere, as we present it here, allows us, through the disc, to determine—once the map is adjusted to the meridian of Madrid—the time that suits us best. Using the same method, it also allows us to know the time at a single instant across all points of the globe. To begin with, it is only necessary to place the 12 o'clock of the disc on the desired day on the town where we want to establish the meridian; and for the second step, place the hour of the disc on the desired point. The other marked hours on the same disc will indicate the time at all other points. For example, if we know it is 2 PM in Barcelona, we then set the indicative hand of 2 to align with Barcelona, and we will have the times for all other cities and points in the world indicated by the radii of the disc.
Additionally, as a complement and historical reference, we include the dates of some geographical discoveries, along with the names of the navigators—those martyrs of science who endured torments and hardships for days, and to whom humanity owes so much. This great family, in its diverse races, has succeeded in creating connections that 400 years ago were not even remotely imaginable."
"GENERAL CHART
This expresses the central idea of our intuitive work, of which the others are complementary. Popularizing the knowledge of the formation of the globe that we call Earth and presenting all its phenomena in a comprehensive manner, just as they occur in nature's laboratory, has been our purpose. To achieve this, we have chosen the oblique section of the sphere so that we can observe it in its topography and from a bird's-eye view.
The Earth, in its interior, is a burning mass whose center contains a gaseous nucleus, the result of the immense elevation of the heat that dominates it. The crust or wall that surrounds it is what we call Earth, which has required its periods of time for its formation and undergone its revolutions that have modified its surface. These terrains are explained by the order of antiquity from the interior to the exterior and are marked with special colors, forming layers, uneven and modifying each of these colors according to the strata that each terrain contains. These are:
Plutonic terrains, or of igneous nature.
Azoic, or between the igneous and sediment layers.
Neptunic, or due to the action of water, notable for the appearance of plant and animal life, whose remains are found in a fossil state. These terrains are divided and subdivided as follows:
Primary, whose layers are Silurian, Devonian, Carboniferous, and Permian.
Secondary, which contain the Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous layers.
Tertiary, with the Eocene, Miocene, and Pliocene layers.
Quaternary, with its periods of calm, glacial, and diluvial.
And Modern, or of alluvial nature.
Regarding the phenomena, it has not been possible for us, considering our main idea, to place them by their respective classes. However, to ensure that the method is not lacking and to make study easier, we will distinguish them as follows:
KEYS:
Words or topographic names.
Phenomena:
Aqueous.
Terrestrial.
Igneous.
✕ Gaseous.
✧ Aerial.
△ Electrical.
✪ Luminous.
|| Planetary.
¿ Mineralogical.
➳ Botanical.
➤ Zoological.
Explanation of the center cosmographic clock: "COSMOGRAPHIC CLOCK
It occupies the center of the sheet and is the only position that corresponds to it. Flattening the terrestrial sphere, as we present it here, allows us, through the disc, to determine—once the map is adjusted to the meridian of Madrid—the time that suits us best. Using the same method, it also allows us to know the time at a single instant across all points of the globe. To begin with, it is only necessary to place the 12 o'clock of the disc on the desired day on the town where we want to establish the meridian; and for the second step, place the hour of the disc on the desired point. The other marked hours on the same disc will indicate the time at all other points. For example, if we know it is 2 PM in Barcelona, we then set the indicative hand of 2 to align with Barcelona, and we will have the times for all other cities and points in the world indicated by the radii of the disc.
Additionally, as a complement and historical reference, we include the dates of some geographical discoveries, along with the names of the navigators—those martyrs of science who endured torments and hardships for days, and to whom humanity owes so much. This great family, in its diverse races, has succeeded in creating connections that 400 years ago were not even remotely imaginable."
World Area:
World
Subject:
School
Subject:
Mountains; Rivers
Subject:
Geology
Full Title:
Cuadro Físico Meteoro y Geológico de la Tierra y Reloj Cosmográfico. Dedicado á la Exma. Junta Provincial de Instrucción pública de Barcelona y aceptado por la misma. (Physical, Meteorological, and Geological Chart of the Earth and Cosmographic Clock. Dedicated to the Honorable Provincial Board of Public Instruction of Barcelona and accepted by the same.)
List No:
16203.000
Publication Author:
Espinal y Fuster, José
Pub Date:
1879
Pub Title:
Cuadro Físico Meteoro y Geológico de la Tierra y Reloj Cosmográfico. Dedicado á la Exma. Junta Provincial de Instrucción pública de Barcelona y aceptado por la misma. (Physical, Meteorological, and Geological Chart of the Earth and Cosmographic Clock. Dedicated to the Honorable Provincial Board of Public Instruction of Barcelona and accepted by the same.)
Pub Note:
In the center of the poster is the huge and extraordinary Cosmological Clock with multiple kinds of information, all surrounding a south polar projection map of the earth. "Probably the only copy known, made to be presented to the “Junta Provincial de Instrucción Pública de Barcelona” [Board of Public Instruction of Barcelona] as a project of pedagogical development of the physical facts that occur on Earth; the author prepared this monumental poster for the subsequent publication of his treatise “La Naturaleza y el hombre. [...] Cuadro físico, geológico y meteorológico de la Tierra con un reloj cosmográfico, [...]” which he published in Barcelona in 1880. Large central mapamundi, in the center is Antarctica, you can observe around the world map different types of meteorological phenomena (Northern Lights, volcanoes, geysers, storms, sunrises, etc.). Espinal presented this poster in August 1877. We add a copy of this book with an autographed note by the author in which he dedicates it “to my respectable and good friend” Francisco de Paula Rius y Taulet, mayor of Barcelona. According to the pamphlet that we add in this set “Cuadro Geológico, Físico y Meteorológico de la Tierra y del Reloj Cosmografico” the author exposes the need to teach school students the geological and meteorological sciences that live on Earth. That is why he proposed to publish a poster that was called “Cuadro-Espinal” where all these specifications are found, the board assessed positively in view of the poster the action proposed by the pedagogue. In this pamphlet the author describes the form that has the poster, content and dimensions, and proposes a sale price for those who are interested in its acquisition, we believe that it was not published or sold another copy. On the upper left side, “Carta Zoológica, Física, Política, Mineralógica y de los vientos generales”, a little further to the right we find the “Corte horizontal de la Tierra y su perfil”, the periods can be appreciated, and several volcanoes; just below the zoological chart appears a scheme of the “Fondo del Mar” by mileage, next to it the longest rivers of each continent. On the upper right side, “Carta Botánica, según Schnow, Lineas Isotermas de Humbolt, Zonas, y Corrientes Marinas”, a little further to the left we have the "Sistema planetario" (Solar System), with representation of the “Vía Láctea”, comet orbits, etc.; below the botanical chart and the solar system, the highest mountains and volcanoes of the Earth, together with the longest waterfalls. Chromolithographic pedagogical poster (color) large format mounted on canvas and varnished . Wooden reinforcements on the upper and lower sides, to be hung or rolled up. José Espinal y Fuster was a writer. He published, among other works, a Catecismo político, democrático y republicano (1868), the poem La redención (1869) and La naturaleza y el hombre [...] (1880). (HS Rare Books, 2024) The explanatory book that goes with this map will be online shortly. Title is Espinal y Fuster, José. La naturaleza y el hombre. Explicaciones populares sobre los fenómenos de la naturaleza y el trabajo del hombre, ilustradas con 67 láminas en negro, 9 en color sencillas, 27 en color doble, tres cuadros sinópticos y un colosal Cuadro Físico, Geológico y Meteorológico de la Tierra con un reloj cosmográfico, ... [Autographed handwritten note by the autor to the mayor of Barcelona Francisco de Paula Rius y Taulet]. 1880. Barcelona. Tipo-Litogr. de Celestino Verdaguer. (Espinal y Fuster, José. Nature and Man: Popular Explanations of Natural Phenomena and Human Labor, illustrated with 67 black-and-white plates, 9 single-color plates, 27 double-color plates, three synoptic charts, and a colossal Physical, Geological, and Meteorological Chart of the Earth with a Cosmographic Clock, ... [Autographed handwritten note by the author to the Mayor of Barcelona, Francisco de Paula Rius y Taulet]. 1880. Barcelona. Typo-Lithography of Celestino Verdaguer.)
Pub List No:
16203.000
Pub Type:
Wall Map
Pub Height cm:
157
Pub Width cm:
291
Image No:
16203000.jp2
Authors:
Espinal y Fuster, José
